Recursos con palabra clave
El patrimonio cultural inmaterial (PCI) es un valioso recurso cultural generado por los seres humanos en el proceso de adaptación al entorno. Su transmisión y protección desempeñan un papel vital en el desarrollo social sostenible y el bienestar humano. Para abordar los desafíos urgentes en la protección del PCI, incluidos la mejora de la eficacia de los fondos de conservación y la implementación de una protección viva e integral, establecimos categorías y criterios universales desde una perspectiva de ecología cultural.
Las categorías y criterios del nivel de amenaza del PCI están concebidos como un sistema explícito, sencillo y ampliamente comprensible para proteger los proyectos de PCI según su nivel de riesgo. Nuestros criterios de evaluación analizan el nivel de amenaza del PCI desde los puntos de vista tanto de los hábitats como de los practicantes. El nivel de amenaza del PCI se determina en función del mayor nivel de amenaza evaluado entre los practicantes del PCI y los hábitats. Este nivel puede determinarse aún más integrándolo con los sistemas existentes de listas de PCI de varios países, como el nivel administrativo en el Sistema de Lista de Cuatro Niveles de China.
Al aplicar este sistema para evaluar 100 proyectos de PCI que abarcan 11 categorías en la Prefectura de Dali, China, demostramos su simplicidad, operatividad y aplicabilidad en la mayoría de las categorías de PCI, así como su coherencia con el juicio de expertos incluso en casos de datos incompletos de proyectos de PCI. Este sistema de criterios representa un paso pionero hacia un enfoque integral aplicable a todas las categorías de PCI. Se integra perfectamente con el Sistema de Lista de Cuatro Niveles del PCI de China y es adecuado para el monitoreo rutinario en las reservas de ecología cultural establecidas previamente por China, además de ser compatible con sistemas de listas de PCI a nivel mundial.
A través de su implementación práctica, prevemos una mejora gradual de este sistema de criterios para reforzar los esfuerzos de protección del PCI y fortalecer las iniciativas globales destinadas a salvaguardar estos recursos invaluables.
In this article, the Cultural Heritage Earthquake Damage Ontology (CHEDO) model is presented. This ontology has been designed to document damage and loss caused by earthquakes in cultural heritage, through its integration into BIM systems interconnected with databases, although this integration is not addressed in the present work. The CHEDO model integrates terms and relationships to document the damage process in relation to the building characteristics (architectural, spatial, constructional, and geometrical) and the physical environment of the same. This model, by providing a comprehensive description of the building and its environment, allows for complete and accurate documentation of damage, which supports the planning of post-earthquake restoration and reconstruction.
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Esta investigación se centra en la cartografía de los sitios patrimoniales de los Emiratos Árabes Unidos (EAU), la producción de mapas de uso y cobertura del suelo para ayudar en la evaluación de riesgos, y la identificación de los sitios patrimoniales que pueden ser vulnerables a posibles riesgos naturales, produciendo en última instancia una base de datos SIG para los sitios patrimoniales y mapas de riesgos múltiples.
Fruit of the author's experience in assessing damage in the Philippines, Nepal and Myanmar. During her stay in Italy, she contacted the Department of Civil Protection and agencies to assess the immediate risks to the cultural heritage of the affected area. Drawing on these experiences, this paper highlights some critical gaps in existing capacity that prevent timely assessment of impacts on cultural heritage, which in turn hinders its recovery. (7pp)
The document introduces a simplified methodology for risk assessment specifically developed for immovable cultural heritage. It encompasses the different components necessary for risk evaluation and can serve as a screening tool for the preliminary analysis of a large number of cultural properties, especially those with limited resources. It's also adaptable for cultural assets requiring a more detailed risk assessment.The proposed methodology is qualitative, relying on a set of structured questionnaires that integrate the key components of risk assessment: probability, consequences of the hazard, vulnerability of the property to the hazard's effects, loss of property value, and recovery capability post-incident. To illustrate its application, a case study is presented examining the seismic risk of a church in Italy damaged by the L'Aquila earthquake in 2009.
La metodología propuesta es un método cualitativo basado en un conjunto de cuestionarios estructurados que integran los principales componentes de una evaluación de riesgos: la probabilidad, consecuencias del peligro, la vulnerabilidad del bien a los efectos del peligro, la pérdida de valor de la propiedad y la capacidad de recuperación tras el suceso. Para ilustrar su aplicación se presenta un estudio de caso que analiza el riesgo sísmico de una iglesia en Italia que fue dañado por el terremoto de L'Aquila en 2009
Over the past two decades, various heritage-focused institutions have conducted diverse risk assessments. Although there's a general consensus on how these evaluations transform the approach these organizations take in caring for their collections, there remains a widespread apprehension regarding the significant effort required to conduct such assessments. This work describes the development of QuiskScan, a rapid risk analysis providing an overview of a collection, its values, and vulnerabilities with relatively minimal effort. QuiskScan utilizes a matrix-based approach, assigning value and vulnerability concerning different agents of deterioration across various sectors of the collection, highlighting areas where significant collection losses might occur. Similar to other risk analyses, and aiming to foster a shared understanding of the collection and institutional risk awareness, QuiskScan requires involvement from experts throughout the organization. This method should be viewed as a tool that falls between solely relying on best practices and conducting an exhaustive risk assessment, serving as a middle ground for institutions to manage risks effectively.
The proposed framework suggests a simplified risk assessment specifically tailored for built cultural heritage properties. This framework encompasses all components necessary for a comprehensive risk analysis and can serve as a screening procedure for the preliminary assessment of a large number of properties with limited resources. Moreover, it can identify cultural heritage properties that require a more refined risk assessment demanding additional resources. Belonging to the category of qualitative methods, the proposed risk analysis framework is built upon an existing approach developed for assessing the vulnerability of critical infrastructures. The qualitative risk analysis methodology relies on a set of structured assessment flowcharts that address the key components of risk analysis: the likelihood of the hazard, asset vulnerability to the hazard, consequences of the hazard, asset value loss, and event recovery capability.To illustrate the applicability of this methodology, an example application is presented concerning seismic risk.
This book develops in chapter form the teachings, calculations, protocols and reminders that occur in technical training for the evaluation of damage after a catastrophe and have been developed from the experience obtained after the Lorca earthquake in 2011. 592 pp .